The therapeutical approach for aphasia can vary greatly. The type of aphasia, the severity of the disorder, the length of time since the beginning of the aphasia and the personality of the person affected determine the type and course of therapy.

Therapy should begin as soon as possible after the stroke. In the first activation phase, the patient is generally stimulated and slightly challenged. The aim is to improve the patient's understanding of language and encourage them to make their own verbal expressions.

Once the state of health has stabilized and a specific diagnosis can be performed, particular symptoms can be worked on. In this disorder-specific therapy phase, all linguistic levels should be taken into account as far as possible and stimulated according to the individual disorder. Attempts are made either to enable unaffected areas of the brain to partially take over the functions of the affected areas through reorganization processes or to help non-affected modalities to improve the affected modalities through reactivation.

For severely affected patients with aphasia, the aim of therapy can also be to make communication possible again through compensatory techniques such as facial expressions, gestures or the use of pictograms.

The disorder-specific practice phase is followed by the consolidation phase, in which the aim is to solidify what has been practiced and, if possible, make it usable in the aphasic person's everyday life. Home exercises or group tasks are used for this.

The time required for the individual phases can vary greatly. However, it is likely that speech therapy for aphasia can take several years. Improvements can also occur several years after the brain-damaging event.